Scene Analysis Of Casablanca Film Studies Essay

Scene Analysis Of Casablanca Film Studies Essay Second Essay Question: Deconstruct a scene from one of the films weve seen this semester. Address how the director used the actors, dialogue, lighting, camera movement, sound, editing, and production design to get their point across in the film. Casablanca was released in 1942 by the director Michael Curtiz. The film was considered one of the best motion pictures ever made. The films actors, strong emotions, and loving triangle all helped out in having a classical film. The last scene in Casablanca where Rick Blaine (Humphrey Bogart) and Ilsa (Ingrid Bergman) were saying their final goodbyes as an airplane was in the background setting was one of the greatest scenes in the history of cinematic. Actors: Rick Blaine (Humphrey Bogart): Rick Blaine was the owner of Ricks Cafà © Amà ©ricain. He apparently appears in the whole film to be a man who is not moved by anyone. He refuses to take drinks from the customers of the cafà ©. He also didnt seem to care about the war and that refugees have gathered in Casablanca. From the start of the film and Rick shows himself as a mysterious and complicated man but on the other hand he is also generous, discriminating, and political. After Ilsa has arrived to Casablanca, flashbacks came across Ricks mind and reminded him of the time they spent in Paris. He appeared to be so much happier than he is without her. Another difference is also that back in Paris he was called Richard. After the attack of the Nazis, Rick and Ilsa agreed to leave Paris together. But Ilsa stood Rick up in the train station, and this was their separation. Rick was in so much pain of what Ilsa did to him and suffered from heartbreak. After that, Ilsa showed up at the bar, Rick reacted so angrily and refused to give her and Victor Laszlo the letters they need of transit. Finally, at the end of the film Rick becomes the hero and he sacrifices his love to Ilsa and his life in Casablanca so that Victor Laszlo can get away with Ilsa and finish his political work. So basically there were three characters that Ricks appeared in the movie with. First, In Paris he was so romantic, then in Casablanca he was hard-hearted, and finally at the end of the film he appeared to be self sacrificing hero (Turner, Casablanca, 1999). Ilsa Lund (Ingrid Bergman): Ilsa is extremely loyal to her husband, Victor Laszlo. She believes she love Laszlo, but on the other hand she also says that she is in love with Rick, back when they were in Paris and also after she arrived to Casablanca. She had a very good reason to tell Rick that she loves him when she was in Casablanca so that she can get the letters of transit that she needs. Her feelings are always dreamy and vague which makes it hard to understand her right. Long time ago when Rick was in Paris, she sent him some letters claiming that she cant see him anymore. And that now can be a proof of her capability to protect her real feelings from those people who loves her. From all the characters in Casablanca, Ilsa was one of the most people who clearly had a lot of pain from the unexpected change of wealth. First of all, her husband Victor got arrested and reported to be dead. Then, when he came, she was supposed to escape with him throughout Europe with the Nazis. After that, in Casablanca she met Rick once again and fell in love with him all over, but unfortunately she was suppose to leave him once again. Ilsa didnt had an easy life, and one of the greatest tragic in the whole film is her fate. Finally, at the closing scene of the film, we can feel that the chances of Ilsa living happily ever after ending do not exist. Victor Laszlo (Paul Henreid): One of the main characters in Casablanca is Victor Laszlo, who is the least complicated person. He is an absolute noble hero. Victor Laszlo is a handsome and confident man. His wife was Ilsa and he loves her so much to the extent that when he knew about her and Rick he accepted the fact and claimed he understands. He was ready to give anything for Ilsa to get away safely from Casablanca. Victor likes politics. His want of beating the Nazis is the best ambition for all the actions he ever took. He places himself as a favored to battle through it. As much as Victor Laszlo is priceless to the Allies as much as he is critical to the Nazis. Captain Louis Renault (Claude Rains): Louis is not a man of strong opinion, but was a friend to whoever had power. He never likes Strassers believes but he works with him. For a part in the film, Louis was shown as a careless and selfish man who cared about absolutely nothing but himself. He takes advantage of pretty women refugees and usually gets fixed winnings from the casino of Rick. He told Rick not to count on him as a friend, but he couldnt hide his feelings for his friend (Rick). Towards the ending scene of the film, the men committed to their friendship when they committed themselves to the Allied cause. Rick committed by shooting Strasser and letting Ilsa escape with Victor out of Casablanca, while Louis committed by choosing to get away from Casablanca along with Rick. Lighting: The lighting has a great effect on the mood of the whole film. At the beginning of the movie most of the scenes and shots were brighter than when the film came towards the end where they were darker. There was a scene close to the ending scene of the film in Ricks cafà © where Victor Laszlo was taking refuge after the meeting was attacked. The scene inside the cafà © was at night and it had an absolutely low key lighting. The drama of the movie was being built slowly through the beginning up till the end of the movie. The dimness of the film increases the drama and the worry of the viewers more. The shots towards the end of the film become more extreme due to the gap among special parts of the shots. This Chiaroscuro effect also helped in raising the worry due to the clear bright lights and deep dark shades. Against the light of the background, there was Captain Renault, a poster boy, wearing his black uniform. Those two were shots from the final scene when Rick holds Cap tain Renault as a hostage and pressure him into letting Victor Laszlo getaway. Moreover, there was a fog in this final scene in the airfield, that had a gray invading of the scene and actors, which generate a feeling of suspicious. That resulted in making the viewers not knowing how the fight is going to be solved. Here the lighting technique was sharp and differs from the cinematography that is in all the other parts of the film. Sound: The director used the sound in this scene effectively. While filming the movie, he discovered that the sound stage was very small to be suitable to an actual airplane. So he decided to put the actors on a soundstage at Warner Bros where there was no real airplane. He also puts up half and quarter size models of Lockheed Electra 12A. The scene was raped around the machine that produces fog to cover up the artificiality of the background set. In this last scene of the movie, the actors never left the soundstage of the airplane. Also, towards the last scene of the movie, there was a shot that shows very quick two aircraft engines that has dramatic noise from the strong piston engines driving up and the fan spinning round in a high speed. One of the shots was showing the right side of the engine of the aircraft. And the other shot shows the left side of the engine. Along with those shots, the fog was being spread to go with the cloudy smoggy look that covers the rest of the closing scene. The director was so talented in making a great job in sound editing so that the sound of the engines makes the film mix together well with the soundstage of the film. Camera Movements and Dialogue: The ending scene of Casablanca had many camera movement techniques. After Captain Renault (Claude Rains) and Victor Laszlo depart, the camera starts to follow Rick and Ilsa, where it was neither of their view points. The camera was from the side. After that, Rick sends Ilsa to escape with Victor. After a cut away to Captain Renault, the camera builds up again to highlight the remarkable conversation; the camera was also from the side. As the camera follows up again at the final minute it shifts to Rick. Then the camera goes into a series of reverse angle shots first from Rick to Ilsa, then to Rick again, then to Ilsa, then to Rick again, and finally back to Ilsa one more time. The camera shifted either to the face of the person who was talking or to the other person. There was a hidden meaning in these shifts of the camera. It either meant stressing the conversation or drawing attention to understanding what is said. Another frame got both characters (Rick and Ilsa) in, that changed into an analytical point of view shot of Ilsa. Her tears were glowing in her eyes and the feeling of the light was becoming softer at her face. At the same time, Rick was talking to her and said Im not good at being noble, but it doesnt take much to see that the problems of three little people dont amount to a hill of beans in this crazy world. After that, Ilsa dropped down her chin, because she felt that she was crushed by fate. Then Ricks hands held Ilsas chin and raised it up again saying Now, now . And this was a close up in the camera movement. After that there was a cut of the point of view of Ilsa, and the hidden meaning here is so that women viewers will be able to understand her situation. Rick said Heres looking at you kid. Then a shot of a close up happened again, where it demonstrates that Ilsa understood that Rick wants the best for her and that she accepted his decision of letting her escape with her husband. Then there was a cut back to the point of view of the guy that she really loves. After that the emotions stopped for a few seconds with a fast cut away to Major Strasser, who is the Nazi commander in charge of Casablanca, who was walking fast to reach to the airport. The camera then goes back to the airport, where a private conversation was held between Rick and Victor who were facing each other. Ilsa was at the background of the scene trying to wipe her tears away. Then there was a fast shot of Captain Renault from Ricks point of view. There was again couple of reverse angles which were used to highlight the speakers conversation. First, from Victors point of view there was a fast cut away to Ricks point of view of Ilsa. Here all three of them were in the frame together. And she backs up what Rick is saying. The shot after that returns to Rick then to Victors face who believed what Rick said and accepted his brave explanation. Then there was a three shot right after the two shots of Rick and Victor, with Ilsa on the right side wiping her tears away and she was considered in the staging position. Then a shot went back to Rick and Victor alone when Victor was saying: Welcome back to the fight. This time I know our side will win. After that a shot went to the engines of the plane. Then there was a three shot of the characters looking at the plane. Then a few series of close ups follows with a great awareness of the eyes of the actors as they act in response to the actions. First, Rick looks at the plane then at Ilsa, and Ilsa looked back at him, then both Rick and Ilsa looked at Victor, then Victor looked right into Ilsa and said: Are you ready, Ilsa?, so she turned her head for the last time and looks at Rick, then at Victor and she said: Yes, Im ready. In this scene Rick is giving up on Ilsa and making her getaway with Victor, and Ilsa on the other hand is accepting Ricks decision in letting her go. Next, a cut to a wide shot of all the three actors appeared. Ilsa stepped in front and the camera movement started following in and to the left to set up some characters significant. For the first time, Ilsa stands next to Victor and Rick was alone facing them. Ilsa said: Good-bye, Rick. Then there was a close up of Ilsas face that softly softened the light at her face and completed saying: God bless you. Next, there was a high angle shot of Rick, the Director is trying to emphasize that we are looking for the first time down to Rick, because Ilsa was gone from his life forever, and was back with Victor. Then he said: Youd better hurry. Youll miss that plane. We were seeing this scene from Victors point of view because now the couple is Ilsa and Victor. After that, the camera was far away from the staging position when Ilsa and Victor were walking away towards the plane. That scene was taken again from Ricks point of view, where he was seeing both of them walking out of his life. And by that he realized the generous sacrifice he has done. After that, the camera showed a reverse angle shot of Victor and Ilsa, as a couple this time, walking to the camera. Then they looked at one another and we can see that Ilsa was trying to hold herself together. And as they get closer to the camera, we see that Victor was slowly cut off when the camera was slowly moving to the left side. The director wanted to focus the attention here on Ilsas face because she was walking away from the man she loves. After that the camera cuts into a close up to Rick alone in the frame (Turner, Casablanca, 1999). After that, the camera cut away to both Captain Renault when Major Strasser just came. Major Strasser tries to make a phone call for help, when Rick asked him not to, but since he didnt respond, Rick shot him. Then the police arrived, and in few seconds Captain Renault said: Round up the usual suspects. Now, Rick and Captain Renault are alone at the closing scene of the film. They watched the plane as it took off from both their point of view and then from a revered angle shot. The director tries here to make the viewers feel the loss of Rick in his eyes. After that another revered angle shot to their point of view appeared then the plane faded away within the fog (Turner, Casablanca, 1999). Finally, Rick and Captain Renault walked away together. Then the camera gets into a crane shot by rising up by looking down in a high angle shot at them as they keep walking from the staging position. Then Rick says: Louis, I think this is the beginning of a beautiful friendship. Then as they continue walking the music arise (Turner, Casablanca, 1999). As for this Dialogue, the beautiful friendship that will start to begin between Rick and Captain Renault was the last closing sentence in Casablanca. Moreover, the dialogue of Casablanca was all filmed on a soundstage, but that doesnt make it any less of great dialogue. Editing: The editing of Casablanca was attractive and high in excellence. At the closing scene of the film, the close ups of the airplane with the engines represented the scene as if it was in a real airport with a real plane, and was so hard to find out that all of that was acting in front of a fake plane. Moreover, when the shot was on the airplane taking off, it appeared that the first part of the airplane was the real one and the second part was the studio effect. All together, the story, casting, acting, dialogue, staging, music, sound, lighting, camera movement, editing, and production are so great that viewers just cared about whats happening, not about how the film was created and done. Third Essay Question: Some historians argue that films reflect the political and social mores of society at the time of its creation, is this accurate statement? Is the subject matter of the movies weve watched driven by society or does society drive the entertainment industry to create films within a specific moral, social, or political context? Discuss. More frequently, American movies reflected the absolute influence of the society. The industry is willing to sell more products. That case was mainly right when it came to studio era. J. Dudley Andrew, who is a movie scholar, saw and noticed that in The Major Film Theories: A natural rapport grew up between the public which went to the movies weekly and the producers who needed to supply the people with a variant of what they liked and were used to. (Gehring, 1997). Some movies influence society. For instance: Star Wars it still has a continuing force, which was released again in 1997. Gehring, who is a professor and an author of lots of film books, his occupation covered a some of his adolescence of the 1967s which is called dark comedy to get back on the1930s fashion of clothings. Hollywood tries to safegaurd its contribution, because they are not new nor warrantied. Furthermore, the film production is more involved in reflecting societys desires and needs than in directing them. People who puts all the responsibility and guilt on Hollywood for the most part of the societys troubles are not noticing nor considering real life mores and films (Gehring, 1997). The fiction part in Hollywood has been acknowledged for a long time by the majority of critics and reviewers of the genre between high art and mass culture. For the common audience of those fictions, there has been a lot of questioning about the behavior and sexual mortality in the film trade; there was also a concern about the moral value of films and their impact on the society as a whole (Springer, 2008). Some Hollywood movies reflect social attitudes or generalize from specific films. Fictional films are very difficult and hard to make. Social products are completed, distributed, and received by the audience. The critics examine completely in order to evaluate their roles as historical evidence. For instance: it is too risky to take into consideration only some films from a particular period of time as an easy reflection to the American society. Furthermore, the attitudes that are represented in a particular film might symbolize a chain of compromises cautiously designed to be non-offensive. Also, some individual firms and companies might point out indicate very unusual attitudes toward race relations or womens rights for example. Approaches about class, gender, ethnicity, work, and all other aspects of life are represented in fictional films and movies as they are novels and plays. As a mass visual entertainment, those fictional films reflect the social attitudes in a precise dramatic manner. Some movies which were released from 1915 to about 1955 were Americas mainly popular structure of narrative entertainment. At that time, movies tended to be targeted to larger group of audience, who are even larger than most of the audience of plays and novels. Moreover, movies by then reflected social attitudes more precisely than any other medium, as they got into the maximum number of people. The huge amount of audience doesnt necessarily mean that movies in America characterized all points of view. In filming a movie, directors and staff tries to avoid certain controversial points of view in order not to offend a huge number of people. Also, the producers of films try not to insult any wide groups of people and they normally stay away from political controversial, so that they can be able to sell the film internationally to make profit. A film that is driven by the society is basically stating whats really happening in the real world in a movie. Some movie directors try to reflect the picture of whats happening in the world or society by exaggerating a little more. Other film directors might just mirror real life in their movies. Others might be brave and in their movies that they show what is hidden in the society and represent it in their movies. A great example of a movie that is driven by the society could be Casablanca. Since it was filmed during War World II and it has some political and social mores of the society. Another example is the movie Amadeus, since it was a story about the lives of Amadeus Mozart and Antonio Salieri, who are two composers and that was during the latter half of the 18th century On the contrary, some movie director wants to add something to the society or want to drive a new idea or message into it, so they do that in their movies. This is what its called society drives the entertainment industry to create films within a specific moral, social, or political context. Those kinds of movies are more open minded, because it requires more creativity and imagination to come up with something new more than the movies that are driven by the society. Most of those kinds of movies are imaginary movies. Another issue of argument of the same field might be that modern society is addicted to media entertainment. Simply, people in society couldnt live without all the noises, the images, the technology weve reached to nowadays. Media and films might affect society as well. It could have positive or negative influence on people. For example, violence movies might affect children, teenagers, or adults as well. They might get influenced unconsciously with what they watch in those violent movies. It can affect ones moral values, political, and social mores and make them more aggressive. Moreover, films of teenagers drinking or dealing with drugs also affect adolescence negatively. On the other hand, movies that have great morals affect people positively. For example, movies that might deal with family gathering throughout the whole film, can teach the audience the importance and the value of a family. In conclusion, a lot of writers, historians, and people argue about weather films reflect our political and social mores of our society or vice versa. The subject of the matter here is still and will remain a subject of argument and discussion, although it defers from one movie to another. Some movies combine both. For instance, a movie can be driven by society and also could be that society drove the entertainment industry to create the film or parts of it within a specific social moral and political context.

Jewish Contributions to the Early Civil Rights Movement Essay -- The Ci

In many ways, the 1950s planted the seeds for the progress of the 60s. Glimpses of the rebellious generation, who would later find its way to the anti-War protests, are found throughout the fifties, specifically in movies like Rebel Without a Cause and more overtly in Jack Kerouac?s On The Road. The move away from conformity and towards more of an individualistic mentality began in the somewhat closed circles of the Beat movement and spread throughout America during the sixties. The Montgomery Bus Boycotts and Brown V. Board of Education were great precursors to the revolutionary civil rights legislation of the mid sixties. Whereas for most of the aforementioned societal changes, the 50s only exhibited hints of what was to come in the sixties, members of the civil rights movement built an impressive resume and did more than merely build a base for the 60s. The fifties marked a time when civil rights began to take front stage for many Americans and served as the call to action for Afr ican-Americans. Blacks decided that they would no longer sit around waiting for change, but that they were going to get up and right the wrongs of the North and South. Tremendous historical events, some which took days and some which took years, were planned and successfully carried out in this decade. Individuals were mobilized, great leaders emerged, and powerful organizations took center stage. But, the African-Americans were certainly not alone. Along with them stood Whites of all backgrounds and religions, of all social classes and perspectives, and of all reasons and justifications. American Jews, who had the unenviable predicament of being both White and a persecuted minority, disproportionately involved themselves with the struggle against s... ...ms: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Jewish Community p.41. 19. Greenberg, Cheryl. "The Southern Jewish Community and the Struggle for Civil Rights." 20. Dollinger, Marc. "Hamans and Torquemadas: Southern and Northern Jewish Responses to the Civil Rights Movement 1945-1965" 21. Webb, Clive. Fight Against Fear: Southern Jews and Black Civil Rights. p. 45-56 22. Dollinger, Marc. The Quest For Inclusion: Jews and Liberalism in Modern America. p. 167 23. Schneier, Rabbi Marc. Shared Dreams: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Jewish Community. p. 40 24. Schneier, Rabbi Marc. Shared Dreams: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Jewish Community. p. 62 25. Rose, Peter. "Blacks and Jews: The Strained Alliance." The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Vol 454, March 1981. p. 55

How is Crooks Depicted in Of Mice and Men? Essay

We see that Crooks falls into the lower, working class category. We know this because the people on the ranch look down on him because he is black and hasn’t got as many rights as the white men in the working class. We think that Steinbeck tries to show that it he is in the lower class by showing the segregation and discrimination put upon Crooks. He had shown that it was normal to be racist in the 1930’s because when the men called Crooks a nigger, they didn’t mean to hurt Crooks by it. As everyone is racist, others think its normal to discriminate and racially abuse Crooks and think nothing of it. The effect on the reader is that it shocks them to see the men using the word nigger and having no effect on the other men on the ranch by saying it. This is because nowadays, it is unlawful to discriminate against colour or race so if the word nigger is used to discriminate today, many people will feel disgraced. Today we think that Crooks would fall into the higher working class as he is polite, friendly, hardworking and old, Disregarding his colour as today the colour of someone’s skin doesn’t make a difference. Crook’s class is evident as he is segregated From the white men by living in the barn and doesn’t socialise with them because of the jim crow laws limiting the social rights of the black people. Another reason for why Crooks isnt allowed to socialise is because of the KKK who would attack anyone who associated with Crooks so people were to scared to do that. He is treated like a pet because he has less possessions than his owner (boss. ) he has a bed which is a box of straw. Also his name is discriminating him once again by judging his appearance and drawing attention to his disability. We think that if the Jim Crow laws didn’t exist, Crooks would have been able to break the barrier between some of the white men who were interested in making friends and loaning for some company. However, we think that even if Jim Crow laws didn’t exist, some men would still be treated differently. An example is Lennie, Candy and Curley’s wife. We think that Steinbeck is interested in opening the doors to the different segments of society in the 1930’s. He intends to show how black people were severely segregated and separate so that Crooks’ ability to socialise with the white men was prevented.

buy custom Personality Disorder essay

buy custom Personality Disorder essay To start with, personality disorder also referred to as character disorder, is a class of personality behavior types. The behavioral patterns of personality disorders are exhibited by severe behavioral disturbance especially involving situations of personality. They are pervasive, inflexible, and inflexible across diverse situations, as a result of the fact that the behavior exhibited is ego-syntotic and, therefore, taken to be relevant by the individual. It is a disorder that the individual finds himself or herself perceiving and connecting to situations and people, even including him or herself. A person suffering from personality disorder shows a character that is inflexible and has an unhealthy thought pattern and behavior. This can ultimately lead to problems with self-esteem, relationships, work, and even school. The history of personality disorders development in an individual can be traced to the early stages of adolescents and early adulthood. There are a number of personality disorders, for example, paranoid personality disorders, antisocial, narcissistic, dependent, avoidant, depressive and obsessive personality disorders amongst many others. The concept of addiction was introduced to deal with the recurrence of behaviors, emotions, moods, and cognitions. Both personality disorder and addiction are exegetic, organizing, and predictive. When the addicts show their behavior, or engage in some addictive activities, they are looking for changing their perception concerning their environment. Most of the time people with addictive disorders do well in self-deception. They do not believe that whatever they are doing is wrong, they just take it as normal. According to the Addiction-prone personality, a book by Gordon E. Barnes, says that there is a strong correlation between personality disorders and addiction, the best example for this is drug abuse. Studies done so far have indicated that people with personality problems are more prone to drug addiction. It was also found out that people who withdrew from alcohol and drug abuse, showed high chances of getting personality disorders. In this matter, the symptoms are widely substance related and will diminish with prolonged abstinence. In other individuals, the personality disorders may persist for a long period after substance abstinence. People with prolonged addiction suffer various personality disorder traits like anxiety, depression, impatient, and keeps asking for narcotics medication. Not every addict, however, has a personality disorder, and not every individual with a personality disorder has an addiction. However, much of the personality disorders have strong connection with addiction. People wh have personality disorders usually have no regard for the social norms and peoples feelings. They always do what is contrary to the law, act deceitfully, showing reckless behavior, failing to be apologetic for wrong doings and in extreme cases, suicidal. Just like addiction, an individual with borderline personality behavior have a lot of trouble maintaining or sustaining healthy relationships. Their traits include poor self-image, paranoia, impulsivity, mood swings, uncontrollable anger, and fear of abandonment. The individuals with this personality behavior usually have difficulty understanding their own identity. Fears of being abandoned may cause them to depend excessively on others. These disorders usually happen immediately one stars experiencing drug addiction and some can be portrayed when one abruptly stops using drugs. Personality disorders have strong correlation with addiction in teenagers. Clinicians have found out that there is a higher chance of addiction if the teen shows personality traits like- low self-esteem, aggressiveness, popular socially and refusing to follow authority. When these young teens get addicted, the substance starts to become more useful than anything else does. They lie about their whereabouts so that they can continue using the drug without chances of being discovered. The personality traits of easily getting offended and mood swings start getting toll on these addicts. Several investigations have been done in finding the impact of personality disorders in measuring the subsequent addiction. Research done by Pulkkinen and Patkinen(1994) shows that among 196 male children studied, addiction was followed by personality disorders like borderline and narcissistic disorders where children started suffering from high anxiety, higher aggression levels, prosociality and mood swings. Of the personality disorders, the anti-social personality disorder can be easily diagnosed and was found to be affecting almost 25% of the opioid addicts who were seeking treatment. It is, however, inaccurate to conclude that the drug-seeking trait, which was learnt during the early years of addiction, is solely responsible for the greater percentage of antisocial personality disorders among the addicts. This disorder can be easily diagnosed in a number of individuals at their young age. Anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and dementia are prevalent among the substance addicts. Members of this class are young and economically stable. They, however, respond much quickly to treatment, and the personality disorder gradually diminishes as they continue to full recovery. The co-morbidity betweeen the drug addicts and personality disorders like mental illness is a major problem and has deep implications. The clinical research shows that there is a high chance of the addict to have gross personality disorders and high level of psychopathology caused by drug abuse. It is often related with affective disorders and higher risks of suicidal behavior. A study of dual diagnosis of heroin addicts revealed that 533 heroin addicts who were treated, 86 % of them were affected by personality or psychiatric disorders. More importantly, the previous study indicated that the highest personality disorder faced by the addicts was depression (23.8%). Khantzian and Treeze (58) explained in a small sample of 133 opioid addicts, which showed that the most widespread psychiatric disorder were personality disorder (65%) and mood (60%). Recent studies in personality disorders support the merits of personality in predicting the alcohol and substance abuse risk. In a particular investigation, Kwapil (1996) studied the importance or goodness of psychosis-prone character traits and non- conformity in establishing substance abuse .Research conducted on high risk individuals has also shown that there is a high correlation between personality disorders and addiction. It was shown that an individual who had personality disorders would resort to drug abuse in order to gain relief of the problems they were undergoing. It was shown that when the addicts take part in addictive behaviors, they want to change their view to the environment. They want to make the world have a happier face, or literally put, to mask the hardship they are encountering in life. Addicts belief that drugs makes their world look brighter, fun-filled, varicolored, and hopeful (Linehan, 1993). What make personality disorders and addiction disorders to have a strong correlation, are the symptoms they portray. Just like personality disorders, a person suffering from addictive disorders has mood swings, anti social behaviors, suicidal, depressed, and full of anxiety. The reason as to why they portray such behavior is because they have a fear of being caught with the disorder. The intense feeling of isolation starts to take toll on the addicts, just like personality disorder (Frances, et al, 2011). Conclusion Overall, the eve of these addictive and personality behaviors are traced to the growth patterns of an individual and the environment in which they were brought up. It is imperative to understand that the individuals who were subjected to much physical and emotional abuse during their early periods of growth and development have high chances of developing personality disorders and eventually succumbing to drug-abuse. Buy custom Personality Disorder essay

Battle of Molino del Rey in the Mexican-American War

Battle of Molino del Rey in the Mexican-American War The Battle of Molino del Rey was fought September 8, 1847, during the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). Having advanced inland from Veracruz and won several victories, Major General Winfield Scotts American army approached Mexico City. Learning of Mexican forces in a mill complex known as the Molino del Rey, Scott ordered an attack to capture the facilities as intelligence suggested they were being used to cast cannon. Moving forward, troops led by  Major General William J. Worth assaulted the Molino del Rey and the nearby Casa de Mata. In the resulting fighting, both positions were captured, but American losses proved high. A somewhat Pyrrhic victory for Scott, no evidence was found that cannon were being manufactured in the facility. Background Though Major General Zachary Taylor had won a series of victories at Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, and Monterrey, President James K. Polk elected to shift the focus of American efforts from northern Mexico to a campaign against Mexico City. Though this was largely due to Polks concerns about Taylors political ambitions, it was also supported by reports that an advance against the enemy capital from the north would be exceptionally difficult. As a result, a new army was created under Major General Winfield Scott and ordered to capture the key port city of Veracruz. Landing on March 9, 1847, Scotts men moved against the city and captured it after a twenty-day siege. Building a major base at Veracruz, Scott began making preparations to advance inland before yellow fever season arrived. Moving inland, Scott routed the Mexicans, led by General Antonio Là ³pez de Santa Anna, at Cerro Gordo the following month. Driving towards Mexico City, he won battles at Contreras and Churubusco in August 1847. Nearing the gates of the city, Scott entered into a truce with Santa Anna in the hopes of ending the war. The subsequent negotiations proved futile and the truce was marred by numerous violations on the part of the Mexicans. Ending the truce in early September, Scott began making preparations for assaulting Mexico City. As this work moved forward, he received word on September 7 that a large Mexican force had occupied the Molino del Rey. The Kings Mill Located southwest of Mexico City, the Molino del Rey (Kings Mill) consisted of a series stone buildings that once had housed flour and gunpowder mills. To the northeast, through some woods, the castle of Chapultepec towered over the area while to the west stood the fortified position of Casa de Mata. Scotts intelligence reports also suggested that the Molino was being used to cast cannon from church bells sent down from the city. As the bulk of his army would not be ready to assault Mexico City for several days, Scott determined to conduct a minor action against the Molino in the meantime. For the operation, he selected Major General William J. Worths division which was located at nearby Tacubaya. Plans Aware of Scotts intentions, Santa Anna ordered five brigades, supported by artillery, to defend the Molino and Casa de Mata. These were overseen by Brigadier Generals Antonio Leon and Francisco Perez. To the west, he stationed around 4,000 cavalry under General Juan Alvarez with the hope of striking the American flank. Forming his men before dawn on September 8, Worth intended to spearhead his attack with a 500-man storming party led by Major George Wright. In the center of his line, Worth placed Colonel James Duncans battery with orders to reduce the Molino and eliminate the enemy artillery. To the right, Brigadier General John Garlands brigade, supported by Hugers Battery, had orders to block potential reinforcements from Chapultepec before striking the Molino from the east. Brigadier General Newman Clarkes brigade (temporarily led by Lieutenant Colonel James S. McIntosh) was directed to move west and assault the Casa de Mata. Armies Commanders United States Major General Winfield ScottMajor General William J. Worth3,500 men Mexico Brigadier General Antonio LeonBrigadier General Francisco Perezapprox. 14,000 men in the area The Attack Begins As the infantry moved forward, a force of 270 dragoons, led by Major Edwin V. Sumner, screened the American left flank. To aid in operation, Scott assigned Brigadier General George Cadwalladers brigade to Worth as a reserve. At 3:00 AM, Worths division began advancing guided by scouts James Mason and James Duncan. Though the Mexican position was strong, it was undermined by the fact that Santa Anna had not placed anyone in overall command of its defense. As American artillery pounded the Molino, Wrights party charged forward. Attacking under heavy fire, they succeeded in overrunning the enemy lines outside the Molino. Turning the Mexican artillery on the defenders, they soon came under heavy counterattacks as the enemy realized that the American force was small (Map). A Bloody Victory In the resulting fighting, the storming party lost eleven of fourteen officers, including Wright. With this thrust faltering, Garlands brigade swept in from the east. In bitter fighting they managed to drive off the Mexicans and secure the Molino. Haven taken this objective, Worth ordered his artillery to shift their fire to the Casa de Mata and directed McIntosh to attack. Advancing, McIntosh quickly found that the Casa was a stone fortress and not an earthen fort as originally believed. Surrounding the Mexican position, the Americans attacked and were repulsed. Briefly withdrawing, the Americans witnessed Mexican troops sortie from the Casa and kill nearby wounded soldiers. With the battle at the Casa de Mata progressing, Worth was alerted to Alvarezs presence to across a ravine to the west. Fire from Duncans guns kept the Mexican cavalry at bay and Sumners small force crossed the ravine to provide further protection. Though artillery fire was slowly reducing the Casa de Mata, Worth directed McIntosh to attack again. In the resulting assault, McIntosh was killed as was his replacement. A third brigade commander was severely wounded. Again falling back, the Americans allowed Duncans guns to do their work and the garrison abandoned the post a short time later. With the Mexican retreat, the battle ended. Aftermath Though it lasted only two hours, the Battle of Molino del Rey proved one of the bloodiest of the conflict. American casualties numbered 116 killed and 671 wounded, including several senior officers. Mexican losses totaled 269 killed as well as approximately 500 wounded and 852 captured. In the wake of the battle, no evidence was found that the Molino del Rey was being used as a cannon foundry. Though Scott ultimately gained little from the Battle of Molino del Rey, it did serve as another blow to the already low Mexican morale. Forming his army over the coming days, Scott attacked Mexico City on September 13. Winning the Battle of Chapultepec, he captured the city and effectively won the war.

Block 2 Task 3 Deconstructing What We See (750 words maximum excluding Essay

Block 2 Task 3 Deconstructing What We See (750 words maximum excluding any references) - Essay Example Different people can interpret the underlying meaning of the given information in a different way. It has been observed that different things in this world speak different facts according to belief, religion, and culture and different other factors influencing the general thinking of a person. The facts can change according to our perceptions and understandings. As a result, it can be said that there is no such thing as a boot fact and all the evidences are required to be interpreted according to the values and beliefs of a person. It can also be said that it is the fundamental aspect of the research to be aware of relationship between facts and figures in order to devise meaningful interpretations. Part 2: Education and English Culture: English education has a rich culture which is focused on sheer knowledge and practice of the work. Education has remained an integral part of British life. They have established a huge number of schools, educational institutions, colleges and univers ities for making the part of their world a better place as well as a civilized society. In English culture, education has divided the people into classes but with the recent changes, education has lost its power in defining the social classes within the English society. The emergence of private primary and secondary schools have greatly emphasized in yielding a high number of school-going children within the country. This new trend came into being in early 1990s. Education also opened a new gateway for the people who were willing to educate themselves in postsecondary trainings (Machin, and Vignoles, 2005). A clear shift was evident in the schooling behaviour of parents and children. It was estimated that by mid 1990s more than 30 percent of the children between the ages of eighteen and twenty were enrolled in universities (Gearon, 2002). Higher universities such as Oxford and Cambridge started accepting students from a strong socio-economic background. But, with the passage of time , students received unlimited opportunities from different universities with the same high standard education at affordable fee structure (Samuel, 1994). Contribution of Wolverhampton University in the Field of Education in West Midlands: The University of Wolverhampton holds a sound reputation for providing its students and staff with excellence in education and state-of-the art learning atmosphere. The university has a total of ten schools offering different programs and majors to both the local and international students. There are a total of 340 undergraduate and postgraduate courses. The university aims to become one of the best in providing excellent education within England. It is among one of the best universities that has the highest number of undergraduates in West midlands as well as the pioneer in offering higher education to general public in UK. On an account, the university has strength of 23000 students while offering 1000 seats to international students every year ( Source: Guardian News). Analysis of the first Photo: The first photo of Wolverhampton University represents culture, values and tradition of ancient English society. The building represents the dominance of English rulers within the country along with the efforts they put in giving the best education of that era to their students. The building also represents the goals of English rulers on how to educate the general public so that they can appear as a part of productive civilized English society.

ACT 19 COCA-COLA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ACT 19 COCA-COLA - Essay Example The company maintains high ethical standards and it is a corporate citizen. Coca-Cola has had positive impacts on the Russian community and economy in general. The company has provided jobs to most individuals in the Russian economy. In addition to, Coca-Cola was the primary sponsor of the first Olympic Games in Moscow. In the Russia, the government does not allow homosexuality. On the other hand, Coca-Cola supports gays worldwide which is against the Russian laws. In Russia, the government banned the sale of Coca-Cola to children under the age of eighteen years old. The prohibition on sale of Coca-Cola to underage children is to protect their health. The parliament of Russia ban on the drink was because of the expert opinion of the adverse effects of Coca Cola on the human body. The demand for the drink in Russia has fallen, and the company has opted to close down some of the factories in the country. It is because the company is under criticism for the production of unhealthy products for its citizens. Coca-Cola Company is one of the largest non-alcoholic drinks in Germany. The company has American roots though it has a strong foundation in the country. The Coca-Cola Company provides economic value to the economy of Germany. It has positive impacts on the German economy because it has positive effects on the German GDP. It provides approximately1 billion dollars in tax to the German economy. It provides employment to most German individuals in the country. It is a stable employer in the country because it provides employment to many individuals. Coca-Cola sponsors some stadiums and sporting events in the country. It also sponsors numerous sporting events in the country. For example, the company sponsored the 2006 World Cup in the country. It was one of the major corporations to sponsor the World Cup in the country. The company works hand in hand with some enterprises in the Germany. Germany benefits more from the efforts of Coca-Cola